The 2S1 Gvosdika is fitted with D-32 rifled 122-mm howitzer, which is a modified variant of the D-30 towed howitzer. Howitzer is fitted with a load assisting system. Maximum rate of fire is 4 - 5 rounds per minute. The Gvosdika is compatible with all 122-mm munitions developed for the D-30 howitzer. These include fragmentation, HE-FRAG, HEAT, cluster, smoke and illumination projectiles. A total of 40 rounds are carried, usually 35 HE-FRAG and 5 HEAT. Maximum range of fire with HE-FRAG projectile is 15.2 km.

The 2S1 Gvosdika SPH has a crew of four, including commander, gunner, loader and driver.

Hull and turret are welded from steel armor. It provides protection for the crew against small arms fire and artillery shell splinters. It is fitted with NBC protection system.

The 2S1 Gvosdika is based on the modified MT-LB multi-purpose armored vehicle chassis. Vehicle is powered by the JaMZ-238V diesel engine, developing 240 horsepower. Vehicle is amphibious if the ammunition load is reduced to 30 rounds. On water vehicle is propelled by it's tracks. Maximum amphibious sp ... კითხვის გაგრძელება »

To execute a Stall Turn, the aircraft must start in level flight and nose up to a vertical flight path until it comes to a stop. At which point the model aircraft yaws through 180 degrees, then dives and finally recovers straight and level on a flight path in the opposite direction to the entry. Entry and exit should be at the same height. Low powered aircraft types would be expected to execute a shallow dive at full throttle in order to pick up the necessary speed before commencing the maneuver. The Stall Turn will allow players to regain the offensive position.

The Herbst Maneuver (J-Turn)

The Herbst Maneuver, Herbst Reversal, or simply J-Turn, is another classic post-stall maneuver. The goal of the maneuver is to quite simply reverse the aircraft’s heading angle and to complete the reversal at the same point and velocity that the maneuver was started from. The maneuver typically resembles the one illustrated; the aircraft pitches to a high AOA to stop the forward component of its velocity, puts in rudder at the top of the climb ... კითხვის გაგრძელება »

The C-5A first flew on 30 June 1968, and the first operational aircraft was delivered on 17 December 1969 with the last following in May 1973. The C-5A suffered initially from wing crack problems and cost overruns, but has since served well. Between 1981 to 1987 77 of the 81 production C-5As received wings of virtually new design and with greater corrosion resistance.

From 1986 to 1989, the production line was re-opened to manufacture 50 improved C-5Bs that incorporated modifications and improvements resulting from experience with the C-5A. The type provides the most ton-miles at the fastest speed of any American airlifter, and is the largest aircraft routinely operated by US forces. Although not usually assigned airdrop duties, it can also drop paratroops.

The C-5C designation is applied to two aircraft modified with sealed front visor and strengthened interior for the carriage of satellites and space equipment. In recent years the C-5A/B has suffered from serious reliability problems that result in low mission capable rates. The USAF is addressing the shortfall in airlift capacity as a result ... კითხვის გაგრძელება »

Advanced design of the Airbus A400M incorporates extensive use of composite materials.

The Airbus A400M is powered by new generation high performance TP400-D6 turboprop engines. Each is rated at over 11 000 shp. These engines were developed by EuroProp International. Propeller blades are of composite construction. Turboprop engines were selected because of a number of advantages, such as cruise fuel efficiency and lower operating cost. Cruise speed of the A400M is almost as fast as turbofan powered transports.

This transport aircraft can carry up to 116 fully equipped troops or 66 stretchers and 25 attendants. The cargo hold can take nine standard military pallets. Two more can be loaded on the rear ramp. Simultaneously 54 troops can be seated in the side seats. This aircraft can drop simultaneously paratroops and cargo. The A400M can also carry tracked or wheeled vehicles, typically two 8x8 armored personnel ca ... კითხვის გაგრძელება »